GUT DYSBIOSIS WAS INEVITABLE, BUT TOLERANCE WAS NOT: TEMPORAL RESPONSES OF THE MURINE MICROBIOTA THAT MAINTAIN ITS CAPACITY FOR BUTYRATE PRODUCTION CORRELATE WITH SUSTAINED ANTINOCICEPTION TO CHRONIC MORPHINE

The therapeutic benefits of opioids are compromised by the development of analgesic tolerance, which necessitates higher dosing for pain management thereby nef rune increasing the liability for drug dependence and addiction.Rodent models indicate opposing roles of the gut microbiota in tolerance: morphine-induced gut dysbiosis exacerbates tolerance

Summary: Fast axonal transport of two tone woven basket neuropeptide-containing dense core vesicles (DCVs), endolysosomal organelles, and presynaptic components is critical for maintaining neuronal functionality.How the transport of DCVs is orchestrated remains an important unresolved question.The small GTPase Rab2 mediates DCV biogenesis and endos

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This article provides specific best practices for creating a cross-campus peer mentor network.Peer mentoring programs are proliferating on manta ray stencil college campuses, especially those that are focused on helping first-year students as they transition into a higher education institution.At an institution where several peer mentoring organiza

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